What is the enamel material?

The enamel material is made of metal and glass inorganic materials, which are fired at high temperature. It is rare that two materials with completely different chemical and physical properties can be combined with so many functions as enamel materials. Metal and glassy inorganic materials differ greatly in many physical and chemical properties. For example: metals have very good extensibility and can be processed into various shapes, while glassy inorganic materials have very poor extensibility, and it is impossible to cold-process them; most metals have poor chemical resistance, especially acid resistance, and Glassy inorganic materials have excellent chemical stability, especially their acid resistance; metals are good conductors of electricity, while glassy inorganic materials are insulators; metals have high thermal conductivity and large thermal expansion coefficients, while glass inorganic materials are the opposite .

Metal and glassy inorganic materials, two materials with completely different properties are combined into a whole, their respective shortcomings have been compensated for each other, and their advantages have been well embodied. For example: when the enamel layer is impacted by the outside, the metal has high strength and can withstand this external force, which greatly reduces the degree of damage or damage to the product; when it is chemically attacked, the enamel layer plays a protective role and avoids Metal materials are damaged or scrapped due to corrosion. Therefore, enamel materials have a series of excellent properties of metal and glassy inorganic materials.

1. Chemical resistance. It can resist the corrosion of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and various organic acids.
2. Good resistance to high temperature, low temperature and rapid temperature change. Now it is possible to manufacture high-temperature resistant enamels that can work at about 1,000 degrees Celsius, as well as enamels that can be coated on alloy steel that can withstand higher temperatures, and there are also enamels that can maintain the temperature at about -100 degrees Celsius. The good performance of enamel resistance to rapid temperature change is that it can withstand rapid changes in temperature as high as 400 degrees Celsius.
3. Abrasion resistance, portrayal resistance and graffiti resistance. The wear resistance of enamel depends on its surface hardness. The Mohs hardness of general enamel is 5-7, and the hardness of microcrystalline enamel with excellent wear resistance can reach Mohs hardness 8, which is better than ordinary glass, and is similar to high-quality glass-ceramics and ceramics.
4. Good weather resistance and no aging. Enamel has super resistance to the atmosphere and light, and the enamel material can maintain its original characteristics such as no fading when used outdoors for a long time.
5. The surface is dense and smooth, which is not conducive to the growth of bacteria.
6. Easy to clean and easy to maintain.
7. Rich colors and bright colors.
8. Non-toxic, no decomposition, no precipitation of harmful substances, no radiation harmful to the human body, no harm to human health, safety, and no harm to the environment.
9. High compressive strength, can withstand (80~200) x106MPa pressure.
10. Electrical insulation. The glassy inorganic material itself is an insulator, and its volume resistivity is greater than 106Ω. The enamel layer with a thickness of 1mm can withstand a voltage of 10,000V and can be used as a high-voltage insulation layer.

In addition, the enamel made of some special enamel glazes also has antibacterial sterilization, photocatalytic self-cleaning, thermal catalytic self-cleaning, biological activity compatible with the human body, photoluminescence, electroluminescence, far-infrared radiation, etc. performance.

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